Property and Liability: An Introduction to Law and Economics

2019/2020

Academic Year

ENG

Instruction in English

3

ECTS credits

Delivered at:

Department of Civil and Entrepreneurial Law (Faculty of Computer Science, Economics, and Social Sciences)

Course type:

Elective course

When:

2 year, 4 module

Instructor

Krasilnikova, Nika

Course Syllabus

Abstract

Дисциплина «Собственность и обязательство: введение в юриспруденцию и экономику» (Property and Liability: An Introduction to Law and Economics) реализуется в формате смешанного обучения и представляет собой online курс, который реализуется на платформе Coursera. Полное наименование дисциплины на платформе Coursera: Собственность и обязательство: введение в юриспруденцию и экономику (Property and Liability: An Introduction to Law and Economics). Ссылка на дисциплину: https://www.coursera.org/learn/property-law-and-economics Разработчик курса: Уэслианский университет (Wesleyan University), Ричард Адел-штейн (Richard Adelstein) – профессор факультета экономики. This course refers to the variable part, including disciplines for the selection of a cycle of disciplines of the program. Course format: using of an online course. Teaching format: mixed (Blended learning). The course «Property and Liability: An Introduction to Law and Economics» is implemented in a blended learning format and is an online course that is implemented on the Coursera platform. The full name of the course on the Coursera platform is: Property and Liability: An Introduction to Law and Economics. Link to the course: https://www.coursera.org/learn/property-law-and-economics Course Developer: Wesleyan University, Richard Adelstein – Professor, Department of Economics.

Learning Objectives

• глубокое изучение отношений, связанных с возникновением, реализацией, охраной и прекращением права собственности, сопоставлением права собственности с обязательственными правами; изучение доктринального понимания содержания права собственности; рассмотрение самых старых и самых известных принципов американского права - собственности и пропорциональной ответственности за нарушение права собственности; применение экономических категорий и рассуждений к содержанию права собственности, обязательственным правам и пропорциональной ответственности за их нарушение.The objectives of mastering the course are a deeper study of the relations associated with the emergence, implementation, protection and termination of property rights, the comparison of property rights with mandatory rights; the study of the doctrinal understanding of the content of property rights; consideration of the oldest and most well-known principles of American law - property and proportional liability for violation of property rights; application of economic categories and reasoning to the content of property rights, obligation rights and proportional liability for their violation.

Expected Learning Outcomes

• The student knows the main concepts of the property institution.
• The student correlates the categories of exchange and efficiency, property, profitability and technology.
• The student interprets the external effects of economic activity.The student interprets property crimes and the types of punishment.The student comprehends criminal proceedings regarding property crimes.
• The student comprehends criminal proceedings regarding property crimes.
• The student interprets the external effects of economic activity.

Course Contents

• Part 1: General aspects of property
  Topic 1: Property Property is where law and economics meet, but it's not a simple concept. Property is not an object or a relation between people and objects, but a set of rights, relations among people over who is to control each of the many uses to which objects can be put. Different people may control different uses of an object, that is, have different property rights over its various uses, at the same time, or control the same use of the object at different times. When new uses create disputes, the law must define new property rights and allocate them initially to resolve the dispute – someone must be deemed to have won the dispute and be given initial ownership of the new rights. But once the former disputants are allowed to trade these rights among themselves, surprising results follow. Topic 2: Exchange and Efficiency Voluntary exchange implies mutual benefit – when people trade property rights, it's because they each believe that what they get from the trade will be more valuable to them than what they have to give up to get it. So if there are no obstacles to voluntary exchange, that is, if transaction costs are low, property rights will end up in the hands of the person who values them the most, a result economists call an efficient allocation of the rights. What happens when there are barriers that impede or prevent property rights from reaching their highest valuing owner through exchange? Can the law assign property rights to achieve efficient allocation in such cases? Should it try, or are there values other than efficient allocation the law might try to advance, along with or instead of efficient allocation, in assigning property rights? Topic 3: Externality Exchange involves both benefit and cost – traders take rights from others, imposing costs on them but creating benefit for themselves, but they must compensate the others for their costs by paying for the rights they've taken. External costs are imposed when one person takes another's rights without paying for them, which leads to the taker taking more rights than efficient allocation would allow and leaves the victim uncompensated for the costs of losing the rights. The law's response to this inefficiency and injustice is liability, forcing those who take rights without payment to compensate those whose rights they have taken for the costs they have borne. Thinking about how the law determines these liability prices, and how people might respond to them, reveals the underlying economic logic of liability. Topic 4: Property, Utility and Technology The concept of property is developed in two new directions. One concerns the problem of eminent domain and evokes the ancient conflict between individual rights and collective needs – in what circumstances, and to what extent, should private property be protected against uncompensated taking by government? How do the different theories of property considered earlier each answer this question? The other asks how voluntary exchange can be organized when technology makes it easy for people to take others' property rights without compensation. If existing rights are insufficient to prevent these takings from occurring on a large enough scale to make voluntary exchange impossible, new kinds of property rights are needed to encourage efficient levels of production and exchange. This is illustrated by the problem of intellectual goods and the new forms of property that have evolved over centuries to make exchange in ideas possible.
• Part 2. Property and criminal liability
  Topic 5: Crime and Punishment Some externalities involve only a few uncompensated losers of rights whose costs are easily reckoned in monetary terms, so that forcing the taker to pay exactly these costs to the victims ensures both that victims will be fairly compensated and that takers will take rights only where they value the rights more than the losers do. The law calls these externalities torts, and the same principle of liability pricing extends to crimes, in which, with the same unlawful act, someone simultaneously takes the rights of many people who suffer moral costs that can't be satisfactorily measured by money. As with torts, some crimes may be efficient reallocations of rights, and the logic of liability shows that proportional punishment can, ideally, discover which crimes are or are not efficient and force all takers to compensate their victims in full for what they take. Topic 6: Criminal Procedure Criminal liability means that crimes have prices, and how these prices are exacted in practice from people who take rights without compensation is the problem of criminal procedure. How do judges know who is guilty, and what prices guilty people should be made to pay for their crimes? Around the world, two major systems of adjudicating guilt and punishment, the adversarial and the inquisitorial, have evolved over centuries to answer these questions in individual cases, with very different procedures to assess guilt and punishment that express different commitments to truth and fairness. All these procedures are expensive, and governments everywhere must confront the problem of processing large caseloads with limited resources. This has led the inquisitorial systems of Europe and the adversarial systems of England and the United States to new procedures of adjudication that may be reducing the differences between them.

Assessment Elements

• Classroom work (distance form)
  аудиторная работа (в форме обсуждения в аудитории лекционного материала курса, устные ответы на вопросы и задания, решение задач и выполнение заданий в рамках тематики учебной дисциплины, ведение конспектов лекций). - classroom work (in the form of a discussion in the audience of the lecture material of the course, answers to questions and assignments, solving problems and completing assignments within the framework of the subject of the course, conducting lecture notes).
• individual work (distance form)
  самостоятельная работа (в форме домашнего задания по последовательному выполнению заданий на портале «Coursera» по каждой теме в рамках заданных программой сайта временных параметров). - individual work (in the form of homework for the consistent execution of assignments on Coursera portal on each topic within the time parameters specified by the program site).
• The exam
  Экзамен проводиться в письменном виде в форме теста. Экзамен проводится на платформе LMS (https://lms.hse.ru/).К экзамену необходимо подключиться согласно дате и времени, указанным в расписанию сессии на сайте НИУ ВШЭ и дополнительно высланному преподавателем на корпоративную почту группы накануне экзамена. Компьютер студента должен удовлетворять требованиям: https://elearning.hse.ru/data/2020/05/07/1544135594/Технические%20требования%20к %20ПК%20студента.pdf; поддержка платформы LMS. Для участия в экзамене студент обязан: заранее зайти на платформу LMS, провести тест системы, подтвердить личность путем авторизации с помощью индивидуального логина и пароля на платформе LMS, приступить к выполнению тестовых заданий в отведенное для этого время. Во время экзамена студентам запрещено: пользоваться конспектами и подсказками, общаться с людьми в комнате, общаться в социальных сетях. Кратковременным нарушением связи во время экзамена считается нарушение вязи менее минуты. Долговременным нарушением связи во время экзамена считается нарушение минута и более. При долговременном нарушении связи студент не может продолжить участие в экзамене. Процедура пересдачи аналогична процедуре сдачи.

Interim Assessment

• Interim assessment (4 module)
  0.2 * Classroom work (distance form) + 0.2 * individual work (distance form) + 0.6 * The exam

Bibliography

Recommended Core Bibliography

• Иванова Е. В. - ДОГОВОРНОЕ ПРАВО В 2 Т. ТОМ 1. ОБЩАЯ ЧАСТЬ 2-е изд., пер. и доп. Учебник для бакалавриата и магистратуры - М.:Издательство Юрайт - 2019 - 186с. - ISBN: 978-5-534-06096-6 - Текст электронный // ЭБС ЮРАЙТ - URL: https://urait.ru/book/dogovornoe-pravo-v-2-t-tom-1-obschaya-chast-434402
• Иванова Е. В. - ДОГОВОРНОЕ ПРАВО В 2 Т. ТОМ 2. ОСОБЕННАЯ ЧАСТЬ 2-е изд., пер. и доп. Учебник для бакалавриата и магистратуры - М.:Издательство Юрайт - 2019 - 420с. - ISBN: 978-5-534-06097-3 - Текст электронный // ЭБС ЮРАЙТ - URL: https://urait.ru/book/dogovornoe-pravo-v-2-t-tom-2-osobennaya-chast-434403

Recommended Additional Bibliography

• Карапетов А.Г. - Экономический анализ права - Общество с ограниченной ответственностью «Издательство «СТАТУТ» - 2016 - 528с. - ISBN: 978-5-8354-1238-9 - Текст электронный // ЭБС ЛАНЬ - URL: https://e.lanbook.com/book/92530